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| NEET-2013 Detailed Syllabus |
NEET-2013 Syllabus, Syllabus, NEET Syllabus, NEET-2013 Physics Syllabus, NEET-2013 Chemistry Syllabus, NEET-2013 Biology Syllabus
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
1. CORE SYLLABUS
Physics, Chemistry, Biology (Higher Secondary Stage)
For National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test (NEET) for admission to MBBS courses across the country
Medical Council of India
The Medical Council of India (MCI) recommends the following syllabus for
National Eligibility-cum-Entrance Test for admission to MBBS courses
across the country (NEETUG) after review of various State syllabi as
well as those prepared by CBSE, NCERT and COBSE. This is to establish a
uniformity across the country keeping in view the relevance of
different areas in medical education. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
2. Physics syllabus of class 11th
CONTENTS CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Physical World and Measurement Details:-
• Physics: Scope and excitement; nature of physical laws; Physics, technology and society.
• Need for measurement: Units of measurement; systems of units; SI
units, fundamental and derived units. Length, mass and time
measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in
measurement; significant figures.
• Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.
UNIT II: Kinematics Details:-
• Frame of reference, Motion in a straight line; Position-time graph,
speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and
instantaneous velocity. Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and
position-time graphs, for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical
treatment).
• Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing
motion. Scalar and vector quantities: Position and displacement
vectors, general vectors, general vectors and notation, equality of
vectors, multiplication of vectors by a real number; addition and
subtraction of vectors. Relative velocity.
• Unit vectors. Resolution of a vector in a plane-rectangular components.
• Scalar and Vector products of Vectors. Motion in a plane. Cases of
uniform velocity and uniform acceleration- projectile motion. Uniform
circular motion.
UNIT III: Laws of Motion
Details:-
• Intuitive concept of force. Inertia, Newton’s first law of motion;
momentum and Newton’s second law of motion; impulse; Newton’s third law
of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
• Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication.
• Dynamics of uniform circular motion. Centripetal force, examples of
circular motion (vehicle on level circular road, vehicle on banked
road). Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT IV: Work, Energy and Power
Details:-
• Work done by a constant force and variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power.
• Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring,
conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and
potential energies); nonconservative forces; motion in a vertical
circle, elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
UNIT V: Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
Details:-
• Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and
centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass
of uniform rod.
• Moment of a force,-torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples.
• Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of
rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment
of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical
objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes
theorems and their applications.
UNIT VI: Gravitation
Details:-
• Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation.
Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and
depth. • Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential.
Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary
satellites.
UNIT VII: Properties of Bulk Matter
Details:-
• Elastic behavior, Stress-strain relationship. Hooke’s law, Young’s
modulus, bulk modulus, shear, modulus of rigidity, poisson’s ratio;
elastic energy.
• Viscosity, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, Reynold’s number,
streamline and turbulent flow. Critical velocity, Bernoulli’s theorem
and its applications.
• Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of
pressure, application of surface tension ideas to drops, bubbles and
capillary rise. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
• Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; thermal expansion of solids,
liquids, and gases. Anomalous expansion. Specific heat capacity: Cp,
Cv- calorimetry; change of state – latent heat.
• Heat transfer- conduction and thermal conductivity, convection and
radiation. Qualitative ideas of Black Body Radiation, Wein’s
displacement law, and Green House effect.
• Newton’s law of cooling and Stefan’s law.
UNIT VIII: Thermodynamics
Details:-
• Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law
of Thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law
of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic processes.
• Second law of the thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators.
UNIT IX: Behaviour of Perfect Gas and Kinetic Theory
Details:-
• Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas.
• Kinetic theory of gases: Assumptions, concept of pressure. Kinetic
energy and temperature; degrees of freedom, law of equipartition of
energy (statement only) and application to specific heat capacities of
gases; concept of mean free path.
UNIT X: Oscillations and Waves
Details:-
• Periodic motion-period, frequency, displacement as a function of
time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion(SHM) and its
equation; phase; oscillations of a spring-restoring force and force
constant; energy in SHM –Kinetic and potential energies; simple
pendulum-derivation of expression for its time period; free,forced and
damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance.
• Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave
motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of
superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings
and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler
effect. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Electrostatics
Details:-
• Electric charges and their conservation. Coulomb’s law-force between
two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition
principle and continuous charge distribution.
• Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field
lines; electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole; torque on a
dipole in a uniform electric field.
• Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to
find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged
infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field
inside and outside)
• Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a
point charge, a dipole and system of charges: equipotential surfaces,
electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of
electric diploes in an electrostatic field.
• Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a
conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and
capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel,
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric
medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor,
Van de Graaff generator.
UNIT II: Current Electricity
Details:-
• Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor,
drift velocity and mobility, and their relation with electric current;
Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (liner and
non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity.
• Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and
parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of
resistance.
• Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel.
• Kirchhoff’s laws and simple applications. Wheatstone bridge, metre bridge.
• Potentiometer-principle and applications to measure potential
difference, and for comparing emf of two cells; measurement of internal
resistance of a cell. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
Details:-
• Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot-Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.
• Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire,
straight and toroidal solenoids. Force on a moving charge in uniform
magnetic and electric fields. Cyclotron.
• Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field.
Force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of
ampere. Torque experienced by a current loop in a magnetic field;
moving coil galvanometer-its current sensitivity and conversion to
ammeter and voltmeter.
• Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment.
Magnetic dipole moment of a revolving electron. Magnetic field
intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and
perpendicular to its axis. Torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a
uniform magnetic field; bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic
field lines; Earth’s magnetic field and magnetic elements.
• Para-, dia-and ferro-magnetic substances, with examples.
• Electromagnetic and factors affecting their strengths. Permanent magnets.
UNIT IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
Details:-
• Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s law, induced emf and current; Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance.
• Alternating currents, peak and rms value of alternating current/
voltage; reactance and impedance; LC oscillations (qualitative treatment
only), LCR series circuit, resonance; power in AC circuits, wattles
current.
• AC generator and transformer.
UNIT V: Electromagnetic Waves
Details:-
• Need for displacement current.
• Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics (qualitative ideas
only). Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves. Final Syllabus for
NEET-UG
• Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible,
ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their
uses.
UNIT VI: Optics
Details:-
• Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction
of light, total internal reflection and its applications optical fibres,
refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula,
lens-maker’s formula. Magnification, power of a lens, combination of
thin lenses in contact combination of a lens and a mirror.
Refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
• Scattering of light- blue colour of the sky and reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise and sunset.
• Optical instruments: Human eye, image formation and
accommodation, correction of eye defects (myopia and hypermetropia)
using lenses.
• Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
• Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygens’ principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts.
• Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygens’ principle.
• Interference, Young’s double hole experiment and expression for
fringe width, coherent sources and sustained interference of light.
• Diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maximum.
• Resolving power of microscopes and astronomical telescopes.
Polarisation, plane polarized light; Brewster’s law, uses of plane
polarized light and Polaroids.
UNIT VII: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Details:-
• Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation- particle nature of light.
• Matter waves- wave nature of particles, de Broglie relation.
Davisson-Germer experiment (experimental details should be omitted;
only conclusion should be explained). Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT VIII: Atoms and Nuclei
Details:-
• Alpha- particle scattering experiments; Rutherford’s model of atom;
Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of
nucleus, atomic masses, isotopes, isobars; isotones.
• Radioactivity- alpha, beta and gamma particles/ rays and their
properties decay law. Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy
per nucleon and its variation with mass number, nuclear fission and
fusion.
UNIT IX: Electronic Devices
Details:-
• Energy bands in solids (qualitative ideas only), conductors,
insulators and semiconductors; semiconductor diode- I-V characteristics
in forward and reverse bias, diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics
of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a
voltage regulator. Junction transistor, transistor
action, characteristics of a transistor; transistor as an amplifier
(common emitter configuration) and oscillator. Logic gates (OR, AND,
NOT, NAND and NOR). Transistor as a switch . Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CHEMISTRY Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
Details:-
• General Introduction: Important and scope of chemistry.
• Laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
• Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept and molar mass;
percentage composition and empirical and molecular formula; chemical
reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
UNIT II: Structure of Atom
Details:-
• Atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Concept of shells and subshells,
dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg
uncertainty principle, concept of orbital, quantum numbers, shapes of
s,p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals- Aufbau
principle, Pauli exclusion principles and Hund’s
rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half filled and completely filled orbitals.
UNIT III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Details:-
• Modern periodic law and long form of periodic table, periodic trends
in properties of elements- atomic radii, ionic radii, ionization
enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valence.
UNIT IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Details:-
• Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis
structure, polar character of covalent bond, valence bond theory,
resonance, geometry of molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization
involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules,
molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative
idea only). Hydrogen bond. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNITV: States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
Details:-
• Three states of matter, intermolecular interactions, types of
bonding, melting and boiling points, role of gas laws of elucidating the
concept of the molecule, Boyle’s law, Charle’s law, Gay Lussac’s law,
Avogadro’s law, ideal behaviour of gases, empirical derivation of gas
equation. Avogadro number, ideal gas equation.
Kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea), deviation from
ideal behaviour, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature.
• Liquid State- Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only, no mathematical derivations).
UNITVI : Thermodynamics
Details:-
• First law of thermodynamics-internal energy and enthalpy, heat
capacity and specific heat, measurement of U and H, Hess’s law of
constant heat summation, enthalpy of : bond dissociation, combustion,
formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization,
solution and dilution.
• Introduction of entropy as state function, Second law of
thermodynamics, Gibbs energy change for spontaneous and non-spontaneous
process, criteria for equilibrium and spontaneity.
• Third law of thermodynamics- Brief introduction.
UNIT VII: Equilibrium
Details:-
• Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of
equilibrium, law of chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constant, factors
affecting equilibriumLe Chatelier’s principle; ionic equilibrium-
ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of
ionization, ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of
pH., Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea)., buffer solutions, Henderson
equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with
illustrative examples).
UNIT VIII: Redox Reactions
Details:-
• Concept of oxidation and oxidation and reduction, redox reactions
oxidation number, balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of
electron and change in oxidation numbers. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT IX: Hydrogen
Details:-
• Occurrence, isotopes, preparation, properties and uses of hydrogen;
hydridesionic, covalent and nterstitial; physical and chemical
properties of water, heavy water; hydrogen peroxide-preparation,
reactions, uses and structure;
UNIT X: s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
Details:-
• Group I and group 2 elements:
• General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous
properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship,
trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy,
atomic and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen,
water, hydrogen and halogens; uses.
• Preparation and Properties of Some important Compounds:
• Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and
sodium hydrogencarbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium.
• Industrial use of lime and limestone, biological importance of Mg and Ca.
UNIT XI: Some p-Block Elements
Details:-
• General Introduction to p-Block Elements.
• Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in
chemical reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group;
Boron, some important compounds: borax, boric acids, boron hydrides.
Aluminium: uses, reactions with acids and
alkalies.
• General 14 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in
chemical reactivity, anomalous behaviour of first element. Carbon,
allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties: uses of some
important compounds: oxides.
• Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride,
silicones, silicates and zeolites, their uses. Final Syllabus for
NEET-UG
UNIT XII: Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques
Details:-
• General introduction, methods of purification qualitative and
quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic
compounds.
• Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation.
• Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radials,
carbocations, carbanions; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of
organic reactions.
UNIT XIII: Hydrocarbons
Details:-
• Alkanes- Nomenclature, isomerism, conformations (ethane only),
physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism
of halogenation,combustion and pyrolysis.
• Alkanes-Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical
isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation: chemical
reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides
(Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation,
mechanism of electrophilic addition.
• Alkynes-Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical
properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character
of alkynes, addition reaction of- hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides
and water.
• Aromatic hydrocarbons- Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature; Benzene;
resonance, aromaticity; chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic
substitution- Nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s
alkylation and acylation; directive influence of functional group in
mono-substituted benzene;
carcinogenicity and toxicity.
UNIT XIV: Environmental Chemistry
Details:-
• Environmental pollution: Air, water and soil pollution, chemical
reactions in atmosphere, smogs, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain
ozone and its reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer, greenhouse
effect and global warming-pollution due to industrial wastes; green
chemistry as an alternative tool
for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Solid State
Details:-
• Classification of solids based on different binding forces;
molecular, ionic covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline
solids (elementary idea), unit cell in two dimensional and three
dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in
solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit
cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects, electrical and magnetic
properties, Band theory of metals, conductors, semiconductors and
insulators.
UNIT II: Solutions
Details:-
• Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of
solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions,
colligative properties- relative lowering of vapour pressure, Raoult’s
law, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic
pressure, determination of molecular masses using
colligative properties abnormal molecular mass. Van Hoff factor.
UNIT III: Electrochemistry
Details:-
• Redox reactions, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and
molar conductivity variation of conductivity with concentration,
kohlrausch’s Law, electrolysis and Laws of electrolysis (elementary
idea), dry cell- electrolytic cells and Galvanic cells; lead
accumulator, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential,
Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, fuel cells; corrosion.
UNIT IV: Chemical Kinetics
Details:-
• Rate of a reaction (average and instantaneous), factors affecting
rates of reaction; concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and
molecularity of a reaction; rate law and specific rate constant,
integrated rate equations and half life (only for zero and first order
reactions); concept of collision theory ( elementary idea,
no mathematical treatment). Activation energy, Arrhenious equation.
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT V: Surface Chemistry
Details:-
• Adsorption-physisorption and chemisorption; factors affecting
adsorption of gases on solids, catalysis homogeneous and heterogeneous,
activity and selectivity: enzyme catalysis; colloidal state: distinction
between true solutions, colloids and suspensions; lyophillic, lyophobic
multimolecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids;
Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis,
coagulation; emulsions- types of emulsions.
UNIT VI: General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
Details:-
• Principles and methods of extraction- concentration, oxidation,
reduction electrolytic method and refining; occurrence and principles of
extraction of aluminium, copper, zinc and iron.
UNIT VII: p- Block Elements
Details:-
• Group 15 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical
properties; preparation and properties of ammonia and nitric acid,
oxides of nitrogen (structure only); Phosphorous- allotropic forms;
compounds of phosphorous: preparation and
properties of phosphine, halides (PCI3, PCI5) and oxoacids (elementary idea only).
• Group 16 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical
properties; dioxygen: preparation, properties and uses; classification
of oxides; ozone. Sulphur – allotropic forms; compounds of sulphur:
preparation, preparation, properties and uses of sulphur dioxide;
sulphuric acid: industrial process of manufacture,
properties and uses, oxoacids of sulphur (structures only).
• Group 17 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical
properties; compounds of halogens: preparation, properties and uses of
chlorine and hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds oxoacids of
halogens (structures only).
• Group 18 elements: General introduction, electronic configuration,
occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses. Final
Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT VIII: d and f Block Elements
Details:-
• General introduction, electronic configuration, characteristics of
transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row
transition metals- metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation
states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties,
interstitial compounds, alloy formation. Preparation and properties of
K2Cr2O7 and KMnO4.
• Lanthanoids- electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical
reactivity, and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
• Actinoids: Electronic configuration, oxidation states and comparison with lanthanoids.
UNIT IX: Coordination Compounds
Details:-
• Coordination compounds: Introduction, ligands, coordination number,
colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of
mononuclear coordination compounds, isomerism (structural and stereo)
bonding, Werner’s theory VBT,CFT; importance of coordination compounds
(in qualitative analysis,
biological systems).
UNIT X: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
Details:-
• Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C –X bond, physical and
chemical properties, mechanism of substitution reactions. Optical
rotation.
• Haloarenes: Nature of C-X bond, substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen for monosubstituted compounds only).
• Uses and environment effects of – dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, iodoform, freons, DDT.
UNIT XI: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Details:-
• Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and
chemical properties (of primary alcohols only); identification of
primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols; mechanism of dehydration, uses
with special reference to methanol and ethanol. Final Syllabus for
NEET-UG
• Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and
chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic
substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
• Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties uses.
UNIT XII: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
Details:-
• Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group,
methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; and mechanism
of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes;
uses.
• Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.
UNIT XIII: Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
Details:-
• Amines: Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of
preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of
primary secondary and tertiary amines.
• Cyanides and Isocyanides- will be mentioned at relevant places.
• Diazonium salts: Preparation, chemical reactions and importance in synthetic organic chemistry.
UNIT XIV: Biomolecules
Details:-
• Carbohydrates- Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharide
(glucose and fructose), D.L. configuration, oligosaccharides (sucrose,
lactose, maltose), polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, glycogen):
importance.
• Proteins- Elementary idea of – amino acids, peptide bond,
polypeptides, proteins, primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary
structure and quaternary structure (qualitative idea only),
denaturation of proteins; enzymes.
• Hormones- Elementary idea (excluding structure).
• Vitamins- Classification and function.
• Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT XV: Polymers
Details:-
• Classification- Natural and synthetic, methods of polymerization
(addition and condensation), copolymerization. Some important polymers:
natural and synthetic like polyesters, bakelite; rubber, Biodegradable
and non-biodegradable polymers.
UNIT XVI: Chemistry in Everyday Life
Details:-
• Chemicals in medicines- analgesics, tranquilizers, antiseptics,
disinfectants, antimicrobials, antifertility drugs, antibiotics,
antacids, antihistamines.
• Chemicals in food- preservatives, artificial sweetening agents, elementary idea of antioxidants.
• Cleansing agents- soaps and detergents, cleansing action.
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
BIOLOGY Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Diversity in Living World
Details:
• What is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three
domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and
taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of
Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical gardens.
• Five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of
Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and
Viroids.
• Salient features and classification of plants into major
groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms
(three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two
examples of each category); Angiosperms- classification up to class,
characteristic features and examples).
• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to
phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient
features and at least two examples).
UNIT II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants
Details:
• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of
different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence-
cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the
relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus).
• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different
systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive)
of an insect (cockroach). (Brief account only)
UNIT III: Cell Structure and Function
Details:
• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell
envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and
function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies,
lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids,
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra
structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.
• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and
function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids;
Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action.
• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.
UNIT IV: Plant Physiology
Details:-
• Transport in plants: Movement of water, gases and nutrients; Cell to
cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant
– water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis;
Long distance transport of water – Absorption, apoplast, symplast,
transpiration pull, root pressure and
guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake
and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem
transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gases (brief mention).
• Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and
their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of
Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen
metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.
• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition;
Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis
(Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of
photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation;
Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors
affecting photosynthesis.
• Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis,
fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system
(aerobic); Energy relations Number of ATP molecules generated;
Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant
growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth;
Differentiation, de-differentiation and re differentiation; Sequence of
developmental process in a plant cell;
Growth regulators-auxin,gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; Seed
dormancy;
Vernalisation; Photoperiodism. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT IV: Human Physiology
Details:-
• Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role
of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis,
digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates and
fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates and fats; Egestion;
Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM,
indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea.
• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall
only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its
regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and
regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to
respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.
• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups,
coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human
circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac
cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac
activity; Disorders of circulatory systemHypertension, Coronary artery
disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.
• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion-
Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure
and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney
function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes
insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal
failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial
kidney.
• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar,
muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction;
Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant
practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and
skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular
dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in
humans- central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral
nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex
action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.
• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones;
Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid,
Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action
(Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators,
Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g.
Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter,
diabetes, Addison’s disease).
(Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS
UNIT I: Reproduction
Details:-
• Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of
all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction –
Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission,
sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in
plants.
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure;
Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies
and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double
fertilization; Post fertilization eventsDevelopment of endosperm and
embryo, Development of seed and formation of
fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems;
Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis
& oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto
blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation
(Elementary idea); Parturition
(Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of
sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods,
Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis;
Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT
(Elementary idea for general awareness).
UNIT II: Genetics and Evolution
Details:-
• Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from
MendelismIncomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and
Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic
inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes;
Sex determination-In humans,
birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked
inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in
humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome,
Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes. Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA
as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA
replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation;
Gene expression and regulationLac Operon; Genome and human genome
project; DNA finger printing.
• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for
biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology
and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory
of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and
Recombination) and Natural
Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and
genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human
evolution.
UNIT III: Biology and Human Welfare
Details:-
• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases
(Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold,
amoebiasis, ring worm); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer,
HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture,
single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal
husbandry. • Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing,
industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as
biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.
UNIT IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications
Details:-
• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).
• Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin
and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt
crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.
Final Syllabus for NEET-UG
UNIT V: Ecology and environment
Details:-
• Organisms and environment: Habitat and niche; Population and
ecological adaptations; Population interactions-mutualism, competition,
predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and
death rate, age distribution.
• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition;
Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling
(carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological
Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.
• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns
of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity;
Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction,
Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
• Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution
and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste
management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global
warning; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as
success stories addressing environmental
issues.
NEET-2013 Syllabus Biology, Physics, Chemistry
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Oleh
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